Smart Irrigation System

The Smart Irrigation System shown in the image is designed to address the critical challenges faced by farmers in rural areas where power supply is limited, irregular, and mostly available in short intervals during morning and night. Traditionally, farmers rely on auto-starters for irrigation, but once power is supplied, these devices run continuously without considering soil or crop needs, leading to excessive water and energy wastage. To overcome this, the smart irrigation system integrates sensors for soil moisture, humidity, temperature, and crop type, along with an IoT-based controller that automates water management. By analysing real-time field data, the system regulates irrigation according to plant requirements, thereby minimizing wastage and improving efficiency. It also provides remote access, allowing farmers to control pump sets and valves without being physically present in the field. Key features include a sequential timer for irrigation scheduling, sensor-based control to optimize water distribution, and timer-based functions that ensure water is supplied as per crop demand. The system’s benefits are significant—it increases crop productivity, ensures optimal water and energy usage, reduces manpower needs, prevents fertilizer loss due to over-irrigation, and protects motor equipment from power fluctuations. Overall, this innovation supports sustainable agriculture by making irrigation smarter, cost-effective, and farmer-friendly.